Optimization of Thermal Management Systems for Enhanced Performance and Longevity of Lithium-Ion Batteries in Electric Vehicles: A Simulation-Based Approach using MATLAB
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52920/jttl.v7i1.595Keywords:
electric vehicle, experimental, lithium-ion battery, MATLAB, thermal managementAbstract
ABSTRACT
This study aims to optimize the thermal management system (Battery Thermal Management System/BTMS) of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles through a simulation-based approach using MATLAB. Battery temperature strongly affects efficiency, safety, and lifespan; therefore, an effective BTMS is crucial to maintain the temperature within the optimal range (25–35°C). A thermal simulation model was developed using a lumped thermal approach, incorporating heat generation, heat capacity, and heat transfer mechanisms under three scenarios: no cooling, air cooling, and Thermoelectric Cooler (TEC) cooling. Validation was performed using experimental data from the literature, followed by parameter calibration, resulting in a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) below 5%. The results indicate that TEC cooling is the most effective method, maintaining battery temperature within 30–32°C, significantly lower than no cooling (50°C) and air cooling (42°C). The calibrated simulation model demonstrates high accuracy and can be employed for further analysis, including BTMS energy consumption evaluation, cooling design optimization, and temperature-based battery lifespan prediction. This research provides valuable contributions to the development of more efficient BTMS designs and serves as a solid foundation for future prototyping and experimental validation.
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